Barnyard grass is the most pernicious weed of rice in the world, with the capacity to totally overwhelm a crop. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with a split plot arrangement. All the weed control methods were effective in decreasing the total weed density and dry weight. Herbicide options for effective weed management in dry direct. Crop establishment methods and weed management practices m.
Critical period of weed control, direct seeded rice, iwm, weed flora. Weed management is a primary concern in direct seeded rice dsr cropping because weed growth becomes a major constraint on crop yield. Effect of establishment methods and weed management. How to prepare the rice field for planting dry preparation list of herbicides for direct seeded rice in the philippines pdf.
The simultaneous establishment of rice and weed seedlings can see dramatic reductions in grain yields with a resultant increase in costs of rice production and wastage of precious resources such as irrigation water, fertilisers, fuel and machinery inputs. Losses caused by weed flora in direct seeded rice weed is a serious threat to rice and annual worldwide rice yield loss by weed is 1521%. Direct dry seeded rice production technology and weed management in rice based systems. Similarly, johnson 2 noted that, in transplanted rice. But direct drilling of rice severs the weed proliferation which reduces crop yields. Weeds pose a serious threat to the direct seeded rice crop by. The literature regarding the critical period of weed control, weed flora and different methods for the. This report is about weed management in direct seeded rice crops. Weed management in rice is challenging, complex, expensive, and regulated. Any plant that compete with our main crop for space, sunlight, nutrient and water. Tillage, crop establishment, residue management and. Among the weedicides nominee 100sc bispyribac sodium and sunstar gold 60wg ethoxy sulfuron proved as the best weedicides with 90.
Effect of weed management and seed rate on crop growth. Tillage, crop establishment, residue management and herbicide applications for effective weed control in direct seeded rice of eastern indogangetic plains of south asia author links open overlay panel raj kumar jat a ravi g. Weed management in directseeded rice systems books. Weeds pose serious threat to sustainability and viability of direct seeded rice system. Effect of weed management and seed rate on crop growth under. While profitability was the highest under rice dsrberseem followed by rice dsr. Weed management strategy for dry direct seeded rice.
This crop is conventionally grown by transplanting or wet direct seeding under lowland flood irrigated system. Integrated weed management approach based on critical period of crop weed competition, involving different direct and indirect control measures. In direct seeded rice dsr cultivation systems, rice and weed seedlings emerge simultaneously and there is no standing water to suppress weed emergence and growth at crop emergence. The influence of weed management on the growth and yield of. Weed management is critical for realizing optimal yield of directseeded rice dsr. Weeds and weed management of rice in karnataka state. Of 1800 species reported as weeds of rice, those of the cyperaceae and poaceae are predominant. Performance of directseeded rice under various dates of. Bioefficacy of different herbicides for weed control in. In this method, plants are not subjected to stresses such as being pulled from the soil and reestablishing fine rootlets.
Chauhan bs 2012 weed ecology and weed management strategies for dryseeded rice in asia. Strategies on weed management in direct seeded rice depend on critical period of weed control, weed flora and method to be adopted. The risk of yield loss from weeds in direct seeded rice is greater than transplanted rice. For this reason, weeds are considered one of the major biological constraints in dsr and cause a substantial rice yield loss. Direct seeding of rice and weed management in the irrigated. Weeds are the greatest yieldlimiting constraint to rice. But high weed infestation is a major problem in directseeded rice dsr and causes grain yield losses up to 90 per cent. Weeds are a major constraint to the success of dryseeded rice dsr. Pratap singh and others published weed management in directseeded rice find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Weed management improves yield and quality of direct. Rice is the staple food for over half of the world s population. Weed management in directseeded rice oryza sativa l. Directseeding of rice and weed management in the irrigated rice wheat cropping system of the indogangetic plains. Studies in different countries suggest that crop seeding rate can affect weed growth and rice grain yield.
While profitability was the highest under rice dsrberseem followed by rice dsrpotato. Hence, it is of utmost importance to decide suitable tillage packages in wheat after direct seeded rice. The success of direct seeding is almost totally depend on effective weed control, so weed. A weed free field is essential for early vigor in a dry seeded rice crop. Due to high weed pressure, weed management in direct seeded rice has been a huge challenge for the researchers and farmers as well. Effect of establishment methods and weed management practices on some growth attributes of rice 3 commercial adoption. Pdf sustainable weed management in direct seeded rice culture. Potential for evolution of herbicide resistant weeds in direct seeded rice determined and procedures for its avoidance designed and promoted. However, the use of herbicides alone may not be sustainable in the long term. Weed competition is a challenge to direct seeded rice producers throughout the world. Directseeded rice dsr is a low input, ecologically friendly and sustainable production system, resulted in increased interest for improving weed management strategies, because of the. The system productivity was recorded to be maximum under rice direct seeded potato cropping system. Mcpa 2methyl4chlorophenoxyacetic acid, cpcrtitical period, dsr direct. Tillage, crop establishment, residue management and herbicide applications for effective weed control in direct seeded rice of eastern indogangetic plains of south asia author links open.
The weeds are a major constraint of drydirect seeded rice ddsr due to change in establishment methods and shifting weed flora towards competitive grasses and sedges. For high productivity of a directseeded crop, good and effective weed. High weed infestation is a major constraint for broader adoption of direct seeded rice rao et al. Field studies were undertaken to explore the weed management strategies for transplanted and direct wet. Depending on weed population, three or more operations can be done. Weeds are the major biological constraint in direct seeded rice dsr due to the concurrent emergence of competitive weeds, absence of water to suppress weeds at the time of seedling emergence and emergence of difficult to control weeds.
Weed control methods including hand hoeing, mechanical and chemical control were tested for weed. Direct seeded rice dsr is a low input, ecologically friendly and sustainable production system, resulted in increased interest for improving weed management strategies, because of the emergence of diverse and complex weed flora associated with dsr. Weed management improves yield and quality of direct seeded rice. In this method, plants are not subjected to stresses such as being pulled from the soil and re. To manage the weeds in direct seeded rice, four weedicides were tested and compared their efficacy with hand weeding. Weed management strategy for dry direct seeded rice author. Among the weed control treatments recommended herbicide preemergence application of butachlor 1. Pdf integrated weed management in directseeded rice. Herbicide sequence for weed management in direct seeded rice. Principles of weed management a adapting the weed management options that.
Among the weedicides nominee 100sc bispyribac sodium and. Pdf direct dry seeded rice production technology and weed. The main means of managing these in a dsr system is through chemical weed control using herbicides. The present investigation entitled weed management in direct seeded rice oryza sativa l. A two year field study was set up to evaluate the effect of various weed control measures on crop growth, grain yield and grain quality of dsr. Review article sustainable weed management in direct seeded rice. Herbicide options for effective weed management in dry. Potential benefits and risks associated with directseeded rice 353 7. Pdf weed management in direct seeded rice crop shahbaz. Weeds are often the most severe problem in directseeded rice oryza sativa l.
Case studies of the united states, sri lanka, and malaysia 325 4. Direct seeding rice, rice weeds, weed management, weed resistance, weed shifting. Integrated weed management options developed in onstation and onfarm trials in india. Current cultivation practices for direct seeded rice. Weed management practices in direct seeded rice journal of. Tillage, crop establishment, residue management and herbicide. Rao, a n and brainard, d c and kumar, v and ladha, j k and johnson, d e 2017 preventive weed management in directseeded rice. Potential benefits and risks associated with direct seeded rice 353 7. Jul 07, 2014 studies in different countries suggest that crop seeding rate can affect weed growth and rice grain yield. Direct seeding is a good alternative of transplanting and yield potential of direct seeded rice is equivalent to the transplanted rice under good water. Pratap singh and others published weed management in directseeded rice find, read and cite all the research you. Development of sustainable weed management systems in direct seeded, irrigated rice.
Pdf sustainable weed management in direct seeded rice. Herbicide is the preferred method of controlling weed and it is the first and probably the last line of defense. Pdf direct dry seeded rice production technology and. Effect of establishment methods and weed management practices. Ecologically sustainable integrated weed management in dry. They are the prime yield limiting biotic constraints that. Main weeds are grassy weed, broadleaf weed and sedges. Effect of tillage and weed control methods on yield of. Direct seeded crops require less labor and tend to mature faster than transplanted crops. Cultural methods of rice establishment are influenced greatly by the need to manage weeds.
Composition of the weed flora can change drastically with a shift from ctptr to alternative tillage and rice establishment methods. Review article sustainable weed management in direct seeded. In order to achieve the long term and sustainable management of weeds in dsr an integration of different weed management strategies like integrated weed management iwm are essential. Changes in composition and diversity of weed flora and a shift toward more difficulttocontrol weeds 359 7. D 2008 a p p l i e d a n n a t u r a l s cie n c e f o u n d a t i o ansf n journal of applied and natural science 9 3.
Decision tools for integrated weed management in direct seeded rice. Be sure to follow steps for weed control during land preparation to avoid yield loss to weeds. The dry seeded non flooded rice experiment involved five different. Evolution of herbicide resistance 360 advances in agronomy, volume 111.
Such information, however, is not available in bangladesh. Usually, the emergence of grassy weed is ealier than other types. Brown manuring, direct seeded rice, herbicides, integrated weed management. The influence of weed management on the growth and yield. The harvest index as affected by weed management grain yield practice the effects of chemical weed management practices on grain yield are presented in table 3. Review article sustainable weed management in direct. Grain yield, weed control efficiency, weed dry weight, weeds introduction agriculture has been a forefront agenda at national and international level for food security and management of natural resources. In this chapter, we 1 assess the current status of direct. Rice cropping varies widely across countries and regions. What rice farmers say about weeds weeds is rank as 1st or 2nd problem in rice weed management in rice is challenging, complex, expensive, and regulated herbicide is the preferred method of controlling weed and it is the. Influence of crop establishment methods, weed and nutrient. Directseeding rice, rice weeds, weed management, weed resistance, weed shifting. Depending on the land preparation method used, direct seeding can be done in two ways.
The field experiments were laid out in split plot design replicated thrice. In asia, directseeded rice dsr is becoming popular as an alternative to puddled transplanted rice ptr due to its potential to save scarce resources labor, water, and energy, reduce. The simultaneous establishment of rice and weed seedlings can see dramatic reductions in grain. The scarcity of irrigation water has encouraged farmers to adopt an alternative rice production system, i. The effect of different weed management strategies on the growth. Weeds are the major biological constraint in direct seeded rice dsr due to the concurrent emergence of competitive weeds, absence of water to suppress weeds at the time of seedling. Rice is an important crop in asia, where it is mainly grown by manual transplanting of seedlings. A field experiment entitled integrated weed management in direct seeded rice oryza sativa l. Pdf weed management in directseeded rice researchgate. Direct seeding is a good alternative of transplanting and yield potential of direct seeded rice is equivalent to the transplanted rice under good water management and weed control conditions awan et al, 1989. Production of conventional transplanted rice requires a large amount of irrigation water, labor, and energy. Pratap singh and others published weed management in direct seeded rice find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.